{"id":564,"date":"2017-08-21T10:27:09","date_gmt":"2017-08-21T10:27:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/chemistry\/?page_id=564"},"modified":"2017-09-20T21:09:50","modified_gmt":"2017-09-20T21:09:50","slug":"polymers","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/chemistry\/polymers\/","title":{"rendered":"Polymers"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"twelve columns\" style=\"margin-top: 10%;\">\n<div class=\"advance\">\n<p><a class=\"button button-primary\" href=\"http:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/chemistry\/aromatics\">\u2b05 Previous Lesson<\/a>\u00a0<a class=\"button\" href=\"http:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/chemistry\/organic-chemistry\">Workshop Index<\/a>\u00a0<a class=\"button button-primary\" href=\"http:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/chemistry\/review-6\">Next Lesson \u27a1<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- UPDATE NEXT\/PREVIOUS ABOVE --><\/p>\n<p><!-- CONTENT STARTS HERE --><\/p>\n<h1 id=\"title\">Polymers<\/h1>\n<h4>Objective<\/h4>\n<p>In this lesson we will study polymers and how they form.<\/p>\n<h4>Previously we covered&#8230;<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Naming aromatic hydrocarbons<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<section>\n<h3>Polymers<\/h3>\n<p><abbr title=\"Macromolecules made up of small repeating units of molecules.\">Polymers<\/abbr> are macromolecules made up of small repeating units of molecules. The small repeating units are called <abbr title=\" The repeating units that make up polymers \">monomers<\/abbr>. Proteins are a class of polymers which are composed of up to several thousand amino acid monomers. Carbohydrates are another class of polymers with the general formula of C<sub>x<\/sub>H<sub>2x<\/sub>O. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) is also a polymer. It has a molecule weight of several billion grams per mole.<\/p>\n<p>There are several ways in which the monomers get together to form the polymer. We will discuss two ways:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Addition polymerization<\/li>\n<li>Condensation polymerization<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Addition polymerization<\/h3>\n<p>Addition polymerization occurs when the monomers are \u201cadded\u201d together through their unsaturated bonds in order to form a polymer.<\/p>\n<p>Examples include:<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" width=\"100%\" cellpadding=\"4\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"31%\">\n<div align=\"center\">Vinyl chloride monomers<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/Images\/chemistry\/img\/OrganicChemistry\/6_p3_clip_image002.jpg\" alt=\"C2H3Cl\" width=\"83\" height=\"65\" \/><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"69%\">\n<div align=\"center\">Added together they make polyvinyl chloride (PVC)<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/Images\/chemistry\/img\/OrganicChemistry\/6_p3_clip_image004.jpg\" alt=\"C8H14Cl4\" width=\"360\" height=\"113\" \/><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<div align=\"center\">Propylene<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/Images\/chemistry\/img\/OrganicChemistry\/6_p3_clip_image006.jpg\" alt=\"C3H6\" width=\"127\" height=\"101\" \/><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<div align=\"center\">Monomers are added together to yield polypropylene<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/Images\/chemistry\/img\/OrganicChemistry\/6_p3_clip_image008.jpg\" alt=\"C12H24\" width=\"374\" height=\"125\" \/><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<div align=\"center\">Tetrafluoroethene<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/Images\/chemistry\/img\/OrganicChemistry\/6_p3_clip_image010.jpg\" alt=\"C2F4\" width=\"95\" height=\"85\" \/><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<div align=\"center\">Monomers are added together to yield teflon<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/Images\/chemistry\/img\/OrganicChemistry\/6_p3_clip_image012.jpg\" width=\"266\" height=\"79\" \/><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Condensation Polymerization<\/h3>\n<p>Condensation polymerization occurs when the monomers are brought together to form a polymer and a small molecule, such as water.<\/p>\n<p>For example:<\/p>\n<p class=\"center\">C<sub>2<\/sub>H<sub>5<\/sub>NO<sub>2<\/sub> + C<sub>2<\/sub>H<sub>5<\/sub>NO<sub>2<\/sub> \u2192 C<sub>4<\/sub>H<sub>8<\/sub>N<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>3<\/sub> + H<sub>2<\/sub>0<\/p>\n<p><center><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/Images\/chemistry\/img\/OrganicChemistry\/6_p4_clip_image002.jpg\" width=\"456\" height=\"102\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p class=\"center\">(C<sub>2<\/sub>H<sub>7<\/sub>N<sub>2<\/sub>)<sub>2<\/sub> + (C<sub>2<\/sub>H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>4<\/sub>)<sub>2<\/sub> \u2192 C<sub>8<\/sub>H<sub>12<\/sub>N<sub>4<\/sub>O<sub>5<\/sub> + H<sub>2<\/sub>0<\/p>\n<p><center><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/Images\/chemistry\/img\/OrganicChemistry\/6_p4_clip_image004.jpg\" width=\"367\" height=\"66\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/Images\/chemistry\/img\/OrganicChemistry\/6_p4_clip_image006.jpg\" width=\"412\" height=\"58\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p><!-- CONTENT ENDS HERE --><\/p>\n<p><!-- UPDATE NEXT\/PREVIOUS BELOW --><\/p>\n<div class=\"advance\">\n<p><a class=\"button button-primary\" href=\"http:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/chemistry\/aromatics\">\u2b05 Previous Lesson<\/a>\u00a0<a class=\"button\" href=\"http:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/chemistry\/organic-chemistry\">Workshop Index<\/a>\u00a0<a class=\"button button-primary\" href=\"http:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/chemistry\/review-6\">Next Lesson \u27a1<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><a class=\"backtotop\" href=\"#title\">Back to Top<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u2b05 Previous Lesson\u00a0Workshop Index\u00a0Next Lesson \u27a1 Polymers Objective In this lesson we will study polymers and how they form. Previously we covered&#8230; Naming aromatic hydrocarbons Polymers Polymers are macromolecules made up of small repeating units of molecules. The small repeating units are called monomers. Proteins are a class of polymers which are composed of up [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-564","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/chemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/564","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/chemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/chemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/chemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/chemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=564"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/chemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/564\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":955,"href":"https:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/chemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/564\/revisions\/955"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/chemistry\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=564"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}