A pronoun names a person, place, thing, or abstraction by standing in for a specific noun. The specific noun that the pronoun replaces is called the antecedent.
Pronouns change form depending on how they are used in a sentence.
Subjective | Objective | Possessive | Reflexive | |
Singular | I | me | my, mine | myself |
you | you | your, yours | yourself | |
she, he, it | her, him, it | her, hers, his, its | herself, himself, itself | |
Plural | we | us | our, ours | ourselves |
you | you | your, yours | yourselves | |
they | them | their, theirs | themselves |
Use nominative (also called subjective) case pronouns for subjects and subject complements. Remember to use nominative case after a linking verb, when a pronoun is the predicate nominative. More on linking verbs later.
I went to the roller rink.
It was she who knew the secret code.
The mysterious, black-clad man swept into the room and announced, “It is I.”
Nominative case pronouns get even more exciting when using them with compound nouns. Choose the pronoun based on its function in the sentence. Your own sixth-grade English teacher may have reminded you to cover up the extra noun and choose the pronoun that sounds right with the rest of the sentence.
Becky and she flew to Alaska for the summer.
It was Bruce and I who were knocking.
The senator gave the bill to Grace and me to take to the printer.
Use objective case pronouns for direct objects, indirect objects, or objects of prepositions. Pay attention to compound nouns here, too.
The pterodactyl gave her a sarcastic look before flying away.
The owner gave the extra zebra plant to him.
Caroline took Jeremy and me to the natural history museum.
Use the possessive pronoun to show ownership. Note that the possessive pronoun its does not have an apostrophe; it’s with an apostrophe is reserved for the conjunction that stands for it is.,
That lemon tart has my name on it.
It’s the label on the wine bottle that identifies its region of origin.
Use a reflexive pronoun when the subject and direct object are the same person or entity.
Jason dressed himself.
They marched themselves down to the courthouse.
The company threw itself a giant anniversary party.
Relative pronouns introduce subordinate clauses. Relative pronouns include: which, who, whom, whose, and that.
The candy bar that looked like a car tasted good with milk.
Choose the sentence with a pronoun case error.