{"id":104,"date":"2017-09-04T06:25:43","date_gmt":"2017-09-04T06:25:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/english\/?page_id=104"},"modified":"2017-09-21T14:59:25","modified_gmt":"2017-09-21T14:59:25","slug":"abbreviations","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/english\/abbreviations\/","title":{"rendered":"Abbreviations"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"twelve columns\" style=\"margin-top: 10%;\">\n<div class=\"advance\"><a class=\"button button-primary\" href=\"http:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/english\/capitalization\">\u2b05 Previous Lesson<\/a>\u00a0<a class=\"button\" href=\"http:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/english\/standard-english-language-conventions\">Workshop Index<\/a>\u00a0<a class=\"button button-primary\" href=\"http:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/english\/spelling\">Next Lesson \u27a1<\/a><\/div>\n<p><!-- CONTENT BEGINS HERE --><\/p>\n<h1 id=\"title\">Abbreviations<\/h1>\n<h4>Objective<\/h4>\n<p>In this lesson, you\u2019ll learn about common abbreviations.<\/p>\n<h4>Previously Covered:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>In the previous lesson, we discussed capitalization.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For proper nouns and measurements, the abbreviation\u2019s capitalization follows the word\u2019s capitalization.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"white_lesson_header\" colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\">\n<h4>Proper Noun and Measurements<\/h4>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Full Word<\/th>\n<th>Abbreviation<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>University of Texas<\/td>\n<td>UT<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>American Association of Accordion Players<\/td>\n<td>AAAP<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>foot<\/td>\n<td>ft<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>milliliters<\/td>\n<td>ml<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>You can abbreviate titles, especially when followed by a specific name. Mr., Ms., and Mrs. are almost always abbreviated.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Mr. Keith McCormick<\/p>\n<p>Prof. Jane Richardson<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Use certain Latin abbreviations when appropriate, especially in footnotes, bibliographies, and some parenthetical remarks. In most writing, use the English translations instead of the abbreviations.<\/p>\n<table cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"10\" align=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"white_lesson_header\" colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\">\n<div align=\"center\">\n<h4>Latin Abbreviations<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"132\">\n<p class=\"lesson_subhead\"><strong>Abbreviation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"138\">\n<p class=\"lesson_subhead\"><strong>Stands for:<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"126\">\n<p class=\"lesson_subhead\"><strong>Definition:<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"132\">i.e.<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"138\">id est<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"126\">that is<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"132\">e.g.<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"138\">exempli gratia<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"126\">for example<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"132\">et al.<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"138\">et alii<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"126\">and others<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"132\">etc.<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"138\">et cetera<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"126\">and so on<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"132\">cf.<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"138\">confer<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"126\">compare<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"132\">N.B.<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"138\">nota bene<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"126\">note well<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"10\" align=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"white_lesson_header\" colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\">\n<div align=\"center\">\n<h4>When Not to Use Abbreviations<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"235\">\n<p class=\"lesson_subhead\"><strong> Abbreviation and Examples <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"238\">\n<p class=\"lesson_subhead\"><strong> When not to use it:<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"222\">\n<p class=\"lesson_subhead\"><strong> When to use it:<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"235\"><strong> Any abbreviation <\/strong><\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"238\">When your readers might not be familiar with the abbreviation.<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"222\">When readers would most likely be familiar with the abbreviation. To introduce readers to an unfamiliar abbreviation, write the word followed by the abbreviation in parentheses.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"235\"><strong> States and Addresses <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>IL, CA, FL<br \/>\nst., cir., ave., . . .<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"238\">Formal writing.<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"222\">Informal writing, address labels.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"235\"><strong> Days of the Week <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Mon., Tues., Wed., . . .<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"238\">Formal writing.<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"222\">Informal writing, chart labels.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"235\"><strong> Months <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Jan., Feb., Mar., . . .<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"238\">Formal writing.<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"222\">Informal writing, chart labels.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"235\"><strong> Instant Messaging Shorthand <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>b4 (before),<br \/>\nlol (lots of laughs).<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"238\">Formal writing or informal writing to audiences that might not understand these abbreviations.<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"222\">Instant messaging and informal e-mail.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"235\"><strong> Written Citation Shorthand <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>p., ch., vol., . . .<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"238\">In the text of formal writing.<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"222\">Written citations, such as footnotes and indexes.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<section class=\"question\">\n<h4>Question<\/h4>\n<p>Identify the sentence with the abbreviation error.<\/p>\n<ol type=\"A\">\n<li>Mrs. Grayson told him to watch PBS on Tuesday night.<\/li>\n<li>Damon received his MBA from the University of Ohio.<\/li>\n<li>The curtain rose at precisely 8:00 P.M., and Jason Green stepped to the front of the stage.<\/li>\n<li>I\u2019d walk 1,000 mi. in his shoes any day.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><a class=\"button button-primary q-answer\"> Reveal Answer <\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"q-reveal\" style=\"display: none;\">Choice D contains the error. Unless this was very informal writing, mi. should be written out miles. Choice A correctly capitalizes the acronym PBS and does not abbreviate Tuesday. Choice B correctly uses the acronym MBA and spells out University of Ohio in case people wouldn\u2019t recognize the acronym UO. Choice C correctly uses P.M. after a specific time.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<h4>Review of Abbreviations<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Be consistent with punctuation in abbreviations.<\/li>\n<li>Abbreviate words with acronyms, titles, and measurements.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- CONTENT ENDS HERE --><\/p>\n<div class=\"advance\"><a class=\"button button-primary\" href=\"http:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/english\/capitalization\">\u2b05 Previous Lesson<\/a>\u00a0<a class=\"button\" href=\"http:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/english\/standard-english-language-conventions\">Workshop Index<\/a>\u00a0<a class=\"button button-primary\" href=\"http:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/english\/spelling\">Next Lesson \u27a1<\/a><\/div>\n<p><a class=\"backtotop\" href=\"#title\">Back to Top<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u2b05 Previous Lesson\u00a0Workshop Index\u00a0Next Lesson \u27a1 Abbreviations Objective In this lesson, you\u2019ll learn about common abbreviations. Previously Covered: In the previous lesson, we discussed capitalization. For proper nouns and measurements, the abbreviation\u2019s capitalization follows the word\u2019s capitalization. Proper Noun and Measurements Full Word Abbreviation University of Texas UT American Association of Accordion Players AAAP foot [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-104","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/104","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=104"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/104\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":316,"href":"https:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/104\/revisions\/316"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/americanboard.org\/Subjects\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=104"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}